Content and Reliability Analyses of the Preschool Receptive - Expressive Language Scale (PRES)

Kim, Young-Tae

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Commun Sci Disord. 2000;5(1): 1-25.

Young-Tae Kim^`

김영태(Young-Tae Kim)

ABSTRACT

T his study was designed to analyze the content and reliability of the PRES (Preschool Receptive- Expres sive Language Scale). The PRES has been developed to assess 2- to 6- year - old children s receptive and expressive language ability . Items of the PRES were based on language development and disorder literature and 3 pilot studies, using 511 normal children . In addition, 621 (292 males, 329 females ) normal children served as participant s of this study . Using the baseline and ceiling sy stem, the PRES provides receptive language age (RLA), expres sive language age (ELA), and combined language age (CLA). For content analyses, (1) Analyzes of the percentage of correct respon ses for each item and for each age level; (2) ANOVA by ages (2- to 6- year s ); and (3) t- test by sex were conducted. Rresult s of ANOVA by ages showed (1) that the items for the 2- year - olds were significant to differentiate between the age of 2 year s and other ages, (2) that the items for the 3- year - olds were significant to differentiate between the age of 2 year s and other ages and between the age of 3 year s and other ages, and (3) that the items for the age of 4 year - olds were significant among 4- , 5- , and 6- year s of age. Result s of the t- test by sex showed that only 13 out of 90 items were significantly different between the girls and boy s. For reliability analy ses, internal reliability and retest reliability were calculat ed. Cronbach α in r ecept iv e and expres siv e lan gu age test s wer e .95. Correlat ion s between the fir st and the second test s were .78 in the receptive language test and .92 in the expressive language test.